Efectos del aceite de linaza sobre las concentraciones de resistina plasmática en mujeres con síndrome de ovarios poliquísticos / Effects of flaxseed oil on plasma resistin concentrations in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

RESUMEN OBJETIVO: Determinar el efecto del aceite de linaza sobre las concentraciones plasmáticas de resistina en mujeres con diagnóstico de síndrome de ovarios poliquísticos. METODOS: se realizó un estudio en 195 mujeres con diagnóstico de SOPQ que fueron tratadas con aceite de linaza por 12 semanas (n = 97; grupo A) y controles tratados con placebo (n = 98, grupo B). Se compararon las características generales, concentraciones hormonales, perfil lipídico y resistina. RESULTADOS: No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos con relación a las características generales (p = ns). Tampoco se encontraron diferencias significativas en las concentraciones de hormonales, glicemia y HOMA entre los grupos (p = ns). Las mujeres del grupo A y B no mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la ingesta total, ingesta de carbohidratos, proteínas y grasas totales entre los valores al inicio y al final del estudio (p = ns). Las mujeres del grupo A presentaron disminución concentraciones de colesterol total lipoproteínas de baja densidad y triglicéridos (p < 0,0001). Los valores promedio de resistina mostraron disminución significativa luego del tratamiento (p < 0,0001). No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los valores promedio de las diferentes variables en las mujeres del grupo B (p = ns). CONCLUSION: El aceite de linaza produjo disminución significativa en las concentraciones plasmáticas de resistina en mujeres con síndrome de ovarios poliquísticos luego de 12 semanas de consumo.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To determine effects of flaxseed oil over plasma concentrations of resistin in women with diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome. METHODS: A research was performed in 195 women with diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome who were treated with flaxseed oil for 12 weeks (n = 97; group A) and controls treated with placebo (n = 98, group B). Overall characteristics, hormonal, metabolic, lipid profile and resistin concentrations were compared. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the two groups in relation to the general characteristics (p = ns). There were also no significant differences in hormonal, glycemia and HOMA concentrations between the groups (p = ns). The women in group A and B did not show statistically significant differences in total calories intake, carbohydrate, protein and total fat intake between initial and final values of study (p = ns). Women in group A had decreased concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides (p < 0.0001). Mean values of plasma resistin showed a significant reduction after treatment (p < 0.0001). No statistically significant differences were found in the mean values of the different variables in women of group B (p = ns). CONCLUSION: Flaxseed oil produced a significant decrease in plasma resistin concentrations in women with polycystic ovary syndrome after 12 weeks of consumption.

Efetividade da interveção nutricional em curto e longo prazo de pacientes com síndrome dos ovários polocísticos / Evaluate the effectiveness of short and long-term of nutritional intervention

A Síndrome dos Ovários Policísticos (SOP) é uma endocrinopatia que afeta de 6% a 10% das mulheres em idade reprodutiva. Cerca de 38 a 88% das pacientes apresentam obesidade, particularmente a visceral, que pode agravar o grau de resistência insulínica (RI) e interferir nas alterações metabólicas intrínsecas à síndrome. A redução de 5 a 10% do peso inicial pode melhorar as funções reprodutivas e metabólicas, denotando a importância de modificações nos modos de vida. Adicionalmente, o uso da metformina para a melhora da RI na síndrome com efeito sobre o peso tem sido investigado, porém os dados são inconclusivos. Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade da intervenção nutricional em curto e longo prazo sobre o estado nutricional e consumo alimentar de portadoras de SOP em uso ou não de metformina. Métodos: Estudo de intervenção nutricional não controlado, com duração de seis meses, realizado com mulheres portadoras de SOP. As pacientes receberam plano alimentar hipocalórico (déficit 500 a 700 kcal/dia) e orientações nutricionais individualizadas. Coletaram-se dados antropométricos, alimentares - ingestão de energia, nutrientes e índice de qualidade da dieta revisado (IQD-R), informações referentes à realização de atividade física e utilização da metformina. Resultados: Iniciaram o estudo 70 mulheres, com média de idade de 30,8 ± 5,6 anos, sendo 42,9% portadoras de alguma doença ou agravo não transmissível. Destas, 95,5% apresentavam excesso de peso, 91,3% e 89,9% risco de complicações metabólicas e de doença cardiovascular avaliados por meio da circunferência da cintura (CC) e relação cintura/ quadril (RCE), respectivamente. O consumo excessivo de calorias foi observado em 35,3% da amostra. Quinze mulheres finalizaram a intervenção nutricional (180 dias), sendo essas significantes mais velhas do que as que abandonaram o estudo (33,9 ± 5,40 vs. 30,0 ± 5,45 anos; p=0,017). As demais características foram similares (p>0,05). O uso de metformina na dose de 1500mg/...

Introduction: The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinopathy that affects 6% to 10% of all childbearing aged women. Approximately 38% to 88% of the patients are obesity, especially visceral, which can increase the degree of insulin resistance (IR) and interfere with the metabolic alterations that are intrinsic to the syndrome. The reduction of 5% to 10% in the initial body weight can improve the reproductive and metabolic functions. Previous studies have been shown that the use of metformin could improve the IR with subsequent impact on body weight; however, some studies have shown inconclusive results. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of short and long-term of nutritional intervention in patient with POCS regarding the nutritional state and food intake considering the use or not of metformin. Methods: six-month of uncontrolled nutritional intervention were carried out on PCOS women patients who received a hypocaloric diet plan (deficit of 500 to 700 kcal/day) and individual nutritional advice. This study evaluated anthropometric and food intake data - intake of energy, nutrients and diet quality index revised, information related to the physical activity, and the use of metformin. Results: 70 women, at an average age of 30.8 ± 5.6 years, were included in the study. 42.9% of the patients presented noncommunicable diseases and injuries other than PCOS. Of all women evaluated 95.5% presented excess of body weight, while 91.3% and 89.9% presented risks of metabolic complications and cardiovascular disease, evaluated by means of waist measurement (WM) and waist/hip relation (WHR), respectively. The excessive consumption of calories could be observed in 35.3% of the sample. Fifteen women completed the nutritional intervention period (180 days). The women who finished the study presented more advanced age than those who abandoned the study (33.9 ± 5.40 vs. 30.0 ± 5.45 years; p=0.017). Other characteristics proved to be similar (p>0.05)...

Metabolic and nutritional interfaces in polycystic ovary syndrome: considerations regarding obesity and dietary macronutrients / Interfaces nutricionales y metabólicas en el síndrome del ovario policístico: el papel de la, obesidad y de los macronutrientes de la dieta

El Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico (SOP) es un desorden endocrino que ocurre entre las mujeres en edad reproductiva. Se caracteriza por irregularidad menstrual, anovulación crónica, infertilidad e hiperandrogenismo. La prevalencia de la obesidad es alta entre mujeres con el SOP y sus causas aún no están esclarecidas. Anormalidades en el gasto energético y en la respuesta disminuida de las hormonas gastrointestinales responsables por el control de la ingestión alimentaria, especialmente la grelina son posibles hipótesis para explicar la obesidad asociada al SOP. Los efectos de la composición dietética en el SOP aún están poco explorados. Es posible que los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (PUFA) mejoran la sensibilidad insulínica y que dietas hiperproteicas potencializan la pérdida de peso y mejoran la función reproductiva. Sin embargo, las evidencias actuales no son suficientes para determinar las características dietéticas mas adecuadas para el SOP. La conducta dietética debe enfocar la pérdida de peso con dietas nutricionalmente completas y balanceadas.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders among women at reproductive age. Its classical form is characterized by menstrual irregularities, chronic anovulation, infertility, and hyperandrogenism. The prevalence of obesity is high among women with POS and its causes have not been fully clarified. Hypotheses have been raised suggesting the possible presence of both abnormal energy expenditure and a reduced response of the gastrointestinal hormones responsible for the control of food ingestion, especially ghrelin. The specific effects of diet composition on POS have been little explored. It has been suggested that po-lyunsaturated fatty acids may improve insulin sensitivity and that high-protein diets may potentiate weight loss and improve reproductive function. However, current evidence is insufficient to determine the optimum composition of a diet for POS patients. The dietary conduct should focus on weight loss to be achieved with nutritionally complete and balanced diets.

Eficacia de un protocolo terapéutico en pacientes con síndrome de ovario poliquístico: estudio prospectivo / Efficacy of a therapeutic protocol in pstients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a prospective study

Se propuso un protocolo consistente en educación continua, dieta, ejercicio y metformina a pacientes con diagnóstico de síndrome de ovario poliquístico. Se controlaron 55 mujeres en edad reproductiva, de abril de 2001 a mayo de 2004. Todas se controlaron al menos 3 veces, por un mínimo de 9 meses de seguimiento. Se realizaron exámenes de laboratorio y controles antropométricos. La edad promedio de las pacientes fue de 29 años. Hubo cambios significativos en las variables estudiadas y logramos demostrar que el protocolo propuesto es capaz de disminuir los riesgos metabólicos de esta enfermedad..